Scheduling activities and resources on a project can be supported with GANTT or PERT diagrams. There are many software applications for that. I suggest to try two open source products.

Problem and objective assessment usually are rapresented with tree diagrams. The key problem is the root of a hierarchie in wich the others problems are related in a cause and effect relationships. Depending on the situation you can have many branchs or many levels and, sometimes, is hard to keep track of everything. A mind map can help to visualize and structure the diagram.